Zonal Systems - Baseboard Heating

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

Baseboard heaters, as the name implies, are installed where the wall intersects the floor.

These heaters have been used for many years in a wide variety of applications. Not requiring ducts, motors, or fans, they operate by drawing natural convective air currents from the floor (where the air is cooler) across an electric element (some models have liquid-filled elements) with several fins. The heated air flows out of the top of the baseboard and radiates from the unit itself.

When purchasing baseboard heaters, select the "low density" models (not more than 250 watts per lineal foot). This provides a more even heat distribution and prevents dark smudges from airborne particles collecting on the wall.

Also, choose a quality product and insist on construction features that eliminate snapping and popping noises caused by the thermal expansion and contraction of the components.

ADVANTAGES

• As with other zonal systems, each zone (or room) can be heated to different temperatures.
• Inexpensive to install and purchase compared to other heating systems.
• Baseboard heaters are versatile. They can be installed in various types of construction.
• No heat loss through ductwork.
• Low maintenance.
• Quiet to operate.

• Their large size may make it difficult to arrange furniture without blocking the heater.
• Being located in close proximity to the floor may cause a safety concern if blocked by combustibles. In most cases several thermostats are needed to adjust the temperature of the entire house.
• Dark smudges may appear on walls due to improper maintenance. May make snapping or popping noises when heating up.

(See additional information in Thermostat section).

Typically, an inexpensive bi-metal coil spring thermostat is used to operate baseboard heaters. These thermostats allow the temperature to fluctuate as much as five degrees on either side of the thermostat setting, leading to uncomfortable rooms. In most cases the heating system gets the blame when the thermostat is actually the cause.

Consider an electronic thermostat to maintain the temperature within one to two degrees of the setting, creating a more comfortable environment.

For optimum efficiency it is important to reduce the thermostat setting while sleeping or when the space is unoccupied for at least four hours. A master thermostat can be used to control multiple zones at one time.

MAINTENANCE

Vacuum heaters on a regular basis.

EFFICIENCY

Electric resistance heat is 100% efficient...for every watt of electricity the system consumes, a watt of heat is created. Comfort may be reduced due to furniture blocking the air flow or poor system design. 

EASE OF OPERATION

Individual room temperatures are easy to control, however, considering the whole house as a system, it can be time consuming to ensure each thermostat is turned down when needed. A master control thermostat can be used to control multiple rooms.